A Brief Overview of Information Technology

- Sayam Pradhan

What is Information Technology?

Information Technology is the collection of skills, techniques, methods and processes that helps in the used in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigations.[1] Technology can be techniques, processes or methods that can be used in fields like embedding computer system.

When and How did it started?

The term ‘Information Technology’ was first used by Merriam-Webster dictionary in 1978, states that “the technology involving the development, maintenance, and use of computer systems, software, and networks for the processing and distribution of data.”[2][3]However, The first electronic technology was invented by Alexender Graham Bell in 1876.

Applications of Information Technology

The Information Technology is used widely in almost every field. The fields in which the information technology come into use are Banking Sector, Telecommunications, Bitcoin Mining, Database Management, Geographic Information System etc.[4] It is popularly used in all over the world during the epidemic period (in 2019-20). The best example of it is the Online Multimedia Conferencing.

Contribution of Information Technology in Globalisation

According to book Understanding Economic Development, “Globalisation is defined as the integration between countries through foreign trade and foreign investments by multinational corporations (MNCs).” [5] Information and Communication Technology are the backbone of the globalisation. Technological devices in the form of cell phones, Internet, telephones and microchips have contributed to globalization by exchanging ideas, capital and people, which accelerate the process of globalization, from one place to another. Make it convenient to go to the location. With the help of internet, we can get anything on a single click. With the help of its technology, online shopping has become very easy. Many MNC's have their own customer service in India and they use the technology to provide online support to anyone around the world.[6] Information technology has also produced employment in a large scale.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Information Technology

As discussed earlier, Information Technology plays a vital role in the globalisation and employment production. We have also discussed that Information Technology played an important role in the period of pandemic Covid-19. People used it for the remote works, attending interviews, and student took the help of information technology for attending the Online Classes. What are some other uses of information technology? Let's find out. Information Technology allows the organization to maximize their productivity. It allows faster and easier communication of companies and clients. It allows the companies to make automation process with minimises the work loads of the employees. [7] As we know, everything has it's advantages and disadvantages. Like that, Information technology also has it's disadvantages. Let us find out. The first disadvantage is that It is expensive to be maintained. It also minimizing the employment opportunities. The automation is giving rise to the elimination of jobs. In Information Technology, it is possible to hack or breach the confidential data which can destroy any company. Breaches in the security is common problem among the companies. Companies spend millions of rupees in hiring white hat or ethical hackers.

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